Research Paper

Effect of capsule maturity and desiccation time on viability of Taiwan native orchid, Bletilla formosana seeds (Orchidaceae) after cryopreservation

Rung-Yi Wu, Keng-Chang Chuang, Ting-Fang Hsieh, Yu-Sen Chang

Published on: 23 October 2018

Page: 345 - 350

DOI: 10.6165/tai.2018.63.345

  • BibTeX
    •
  • EndNote
    •
  • RIS
    •

    Abstract

    Desiccation method has been successfully applied to the cryopreservation of Bletilla formosana seeds (Orchidaceae). This study investigated the effects of capsule maturity and desiccation time on the viability of B. formosana seeds after cryopreservation. Seeds with various degrees of maturity (60, 70, 80, 90, 100, and 110 days after pollination; DAP) were used as the test samples and dried for 0 and 24 h prior to cryopreservation. The results demonstrated that the germination percentage of the 110 DAP seeds with 24 h desiccation pretreatment was the highest (96.7%). The 110 DAP seeds were then used to further test the effects of various desiccation time (0, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 24 h) on the viability of the seeds after cryopreservation. The results demonstrated that when seeds were dried for 4-24 h prior to preservation, the water content was reduced to 10.8-0.6% (w/w), and the germination percentage (86.7-95.5%) were significant difference higher than un-desiccation treatment after cryopreservation and thawing to room temperature. The seeds of B. formosana were highly tolerant to desiccation, thus, they should be orthodox seeds and are suitable for long-term storage through cryopreservation.

    Keyword: Bletilla formosana, Days after pollination, Long-term preservation, Orchid, Orthodox seed, Preservation

    Literature Cited

    Batty, A.L., K.W. Dixon, M. Brundrett and K. Sivasithamparam. 2001. Long-term storage of mycorrhizal fungi and seed as a tool for the conservation of endangered Western Australian terrestrial orchids. Aust. J. Bot. 49(5):619-628.
    DOI: 10.1071/BT01029View Article

    Chang, C., P.-G. Sung, C.-H. Chang, Y.-C. Chen and Y.-H. Lin. 2006. Seed development and storage of Bletilla formosana (Hayata) Schltr. Seed Nurs. (in Chinese with English abstract) 8:29-38.
    DOI: 10.30077/SN.200609.0003View Article Google Scholar

    Dickie, J.B., K. May, S.V.A. Morris and S.E. Titley. 1991. The effect of desiccation on seed survival in Acer platanoides L. and Acer pseudoplatanus L. Seed Sci. Res. 1:149-162.
    DOI: 10.1017/S0960258500000829View Article Google Scholar

    Engelmann, F. 2000. Importance of crop for conservation of plant genetic resources, p. 8-20. In: Engelmann, F. and H. Takagi (eds.). Cryopreservation of Tropical Plant Germplasm. JIRCAS, Tsukuba, Jpn. Gonz?lez-Arnao, M.T., A. Panta, W.M. Roca, R.H. Escobar and F. Engelmann. 2008. Development and large scale application of cryopreservation techniques for shoot and somatic embryo cultures of tropical. Plant Cell Tiss. Org. Cult. 92(1):1-13.
    DOI: 10.1007/s11240-007-9303-7View Article Google Scholar

    Grout, B.W.W., K. Shelton and H.W. Pritchard. 1983. Orthodox behaviour of oil palm seed and cryopreservation of the excised embryo for genetic conservation. Ann. Bot. 52(3):381-384.
    DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aob.a086586View Article Google Scholar

    Hirano, T., K. Ishikawa and M. Mii. 2006. Advances in orchid cryopreservation. Floric. Ornam. Plant Biotechnol. 2:410-414.

    Hirano, T., T. Godo, M. Mii and K. Ishikawa. 2005. Cryopreservation of immature seeds of Bletilla striata by vitrification. Plant Cell Rep. 23(8):534-539.
    DOI: 10.1007/s00299-004-0893-9View Article Google Scholar

    Hirano, T., T. Godo, K. Miyoshi, K. Ishikawa, M. Ishikawa and M. Mii. 2009. Cryopreservation and low-temperature storage of seeds of Phaius tankervilleae. Plant Biotechnol. Rep. 3(1):103-109.
    DOI: 10.1007/s11816-008-0080-5View Article Google Scholar

    Jitsopakul, N., K. Thammasiri, T. Yukawa and K. Ishikawa. 2012. Effect of cryopreservation on seed on seed germination and protocorm development of Vanda tricolor. Sci. Asia 38(3):244-249.
    DOI: 10.2306/scienceasia1513-1874.2012.38.244View Article Google Scholar

    Khoddamzadeh, A.A., U.R. Sinniah, P. Lynch, M.A. Kadir, S.B. Kadzimin and M. Mahmood. 2011. Cryopreservation of protocorm-like bodies (PLBs) of Phalaenopsis bellina (Rchb.f.) Christenson by encapsulation-dehydration. Plant Cell Tiss. Org. Cult. 107(3): 471-481.
    DOI: 10.1007/s11240-011-9997-4View Article Google Scholar

    Lee, Y.-I., N. Lee, E.-C. Yeung and M.-C. Chung. 2005. Embryo development of Cypripedium formosanum in relation to seed germination in vitro. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 130:747-753.

    Luza, J.G. and V.S. Polito. 1988. Cryopreservation of English walnut (Juglans regia L.) pollen. Euphytica 37(2):141-148.
    DOI: 10.1007/BF00036851View Article Google Scholar

    Murashige, T. and F. Skoog. 1962. A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue culture. Physiol. Plant. 15(3):473-491.
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3054.1962.tb08052.xView Article Google Scholar

    Mweetwa, A.M. and G.E. Welbaum. 2007. Orchid seed storage for germplasm preservation. Acta Hort. 760:629-636.
    DOI: 10.17660/ActaHortic.2007.760.89View Article Google Scholar

    Nagashima, T. 1982. Studies on the seed germination and embryogenesis in the Bletilla striata Rchb. f. and Calanthe discolor Lindl. J. Jpn. Soc. Hortic. Sci. 51(1):82-93.
    DOI: 10.2503/jjshs.51.94View Article Google Scholar

    Nagashima, T. 1993. Studies on relationship between embryogenesis and germination in Orchidaceae. J. Jpn. Soc. Hort. Sci. 62(3):581-594.
    DOI: 10.2503/jjshs.62.581View Article Google Scholar

    Nikishina, T.V., A.S. Popov, G.L. Kolomeitseva and B.N. Golovkin. 2001. Effect of cryoconservation on seed germination of rare tropical orchids. Russ. J. Plant Physiol. 48(6):810-815.
    DOI: 10.1134/S1021443707010189View Article Google Scholar

    Patan?, C. and F. Gresta. 2006. Grmination of Astragalus hamosus and Medicago orbicularis as affected by seed-coat dormancy breaking techniques. J. Arid Environ. 67(1):165-173.
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2006.02.001View Article Google Scholar

    Popov, A.S., E.V. Popova, T.V. Nikishina and G.L. Kolomeitseva. 2004. The development of juvenile plants of the hybrid orchid Bratonia after seed cryopreservation. CryoLetters 25:205-212.

    Pritchard, H.W. 1984. Liquid nitrogen preservation of terrestrial and epiphytic orchid seed. CryoLetters 5:295-300.

    Sakai, A. 2000. Development of cryopreservation techniques, p. 1-7. In: F. Engellmann and H. Takagi (eds.). Cryopreservation of Tropical Plant Germplasm. IPGRI, Italy.

    Touchell, D.H., S.R. Turner, E. Bunn and K.W. Dixon. 2002. Cryostorage of somatic tissues of endangered Australian species, p.357-372. In: L.E. Towill (ed.). Cryopreservation of Plant Germplasm II. Springer, New York, U.S.A.

    Wang, J.-H., J.-G. Ge, F. Liu, H.-W. Bian and C.-N. Huang. 1998. Cryopreservation of seed and protocorms of Dendrobium candidum. CryoLetters 19:123-128.

    Wu, R.-Y., S.-Y. Chang, T.-F. Hsieh and Y.-S. Chang. 2013. Cryopreservation of Bletilla formosana seeds (Orchidaceae) by desiccation. Sci. Hortic. 157:108-112.
    DOI: 10.1016/j.scienta.2013.03.033View Article Google Scholar